Iberoamerica 2025 №3

This issue is presented to the reader in four blocks. The first one is devoted to the domestic political situation in various countries of the region. Guillermo A. Johnson and Marcos Antonio da Silva examine the role and place of the state, social movements, and public policy in Brazil, Mexico, and Bolivia. Ludmila N. Simonova's article analyzes the fiscal reform implemented in Brazil during the first two years of L.I. Lula da Silva's administration. Tatyana Y. Rusakova examines Mexico's environmental policy from a national security perspective.

The second block addresses various aspects of international cooperation. José María Cordero Aparicio provides a comparative analysis of international organizations such as the League of Nations, the UN, and BRICS, exploring the possibility of using this group's experience to realize the urgent reform of the United Nations. Pavel A. Kuchinov characterizes the current state of China's technological presence in Mexico and identifies the potential risks these bilateral ties pose for Mexican-American relations. Tamara V. Naumenko and Varvara D. Bykova examine the main vectors of the Brazilian space program and the BRICS involvement in its implementation.

The third section analyzes issues of education and culture. Irina E. Zhukovskaya and Anastasia Espinel Suares identify benchmarks and parameters for the development of educational integration processes between Russia and Colombia and outline prospects for cooperation between the two countries in this area. Joaquín García-Huidobro underlines the diversity of pre-Columbian traditions but concludes that the art of the Old and New Worlds is essentially united. Finally, Lidia V. Rostotskaya examines the traditions and innovations of contemporary Spanish cinema.

In the fourth block Sergei M. Khenkin reflecting on the monograph by Andrey V. Baranov, recreates the evolution of the party system and the electorate in Spain, noting the decline in influence of traditional political parties that dominated the country's political life for three decades.

Content

SITUATION IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE REGION

Guillermo Alfredo Johnson, Marcos Antonio da Silva. States, Social Movements and Public Policies in Latin America

Ludmila N. Simonova. Tax Reform in Brazil

Tatyana Yu. Rusakova. Mexico's Environmental Policy as a Factor of National Security

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

José María Cordero Aparicio. UN Reform with BRICS Building Blocks

Pavel A. Kuchinov. Chinese Technological Presence in Mexico as a Risk Factor for Mexican-American Relations

Tamara V. Naumenko, Varvara D. Bykova. The Technological Alliance between Brazil and BRICS in the Realization of Space Projects

EDUCATION AND CULTURE

Irina E. Zhukovskaya, Anastasia Espinel Suares. Guidelines and Parameters of Cooperation between Russia and Colombia in the Field of Education

Joaquín García-Huidobro, Fernando Guzmán. The Art in the Relationship between Old and New World