ISSN 2075-9711 (печатная версия)
ISSN 2076-8400 (электронная версия)
IBEROAMÉRICA
Ежеквартальный научный журнал на испанском языке.Издается ИЛА РАН
ISSN 2075-9711 (Print)
ISSN 2076-8400 (Online)
IBEROAMÉRICA
Quarterly peer reviewed scientific journal published in Spanish language by the Institute of Latin American Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ILA RAS)
ISSN 2075-9711 (Print)
ISSN 2076-8400 (Online)
IBEROAMÉRICA
Revista científica trimestral en español. Editada por el Instituto de Latinoamérica de la Academia de Ciencias de Rusia (ILA ACR)

Iberoamerica 2019 №4

  • Русский
  • English
  • Español

   The issue opens with the paper by Vladimir M. Davydov and Violetta M. Tayar. The authors analyze the anti-Russian sanctions impact on the state of the relationship between Russia and Latin America. It is pointed out that  such impact was not direct since the countries of the region had not directly practiced the sanctions, but it appeared to be indirect due to the preoccupation of the Latin American businessmen to be submitted to so called secondary sanctions by the USA. The abovementioned resulted in the drop of the commercial turnover between Russia and Latin America in 2015 -2016. However in the following years the tendency to restore the relationship on the former level has become obvious.
Irina N. Myslyaeva, the author of the next article, studies the democratic process of citizen participation in the formation of the budget and in the control of budgetary expenditures, which favors strengthening mutual trust between the society and the authorities. The article analyzes the experience of participatory budgeting in Latin American countries and particularly in Brazil. It is noted that such experience is widely practiced in several countries, including Russia.

   Two following articles concern the political situation in Brazil. Liudmila S. Okuneva, the author of the first one, analyzes the results of the governorship of President Jair Bolsonaro who is a protagonist of the “right turn” in the country's politics. The results of his government, according to the author, are not encouraging. The society remains divided. The anti-bureaucracy, anti-corruption, antiorganized crime and drug trafficking struggle is mired in contradictions between branches of power. The pension reform is also stagnant. All this entails a fall in the popularity of the President. Zbigniew W. Iwanowski, the author of the second article, studies the evolution of Brazil's party system, correlation of political forces and dynamics of the composition of the National Congress. The author concludes that Brazil's party system remains extremely atomized and polarized, most parties are amorphous, and their socio-economic doctrine does not correspond to their political practice. At the same time, political polarization is sharpened because the leftist forces continue to maintain their positions while social problems are not resolved.

   The next section of the issue deals with the identity problems and historical memory.Yakov G. Shemiyakin examines the Latin American identity from several points of view and concludes that the deepest level of the identifying structure in Latin American countries is the level of civilization identification, which represents the gravity center for all other types of identification both collective (ethnic, religious, territorial etc.), as well as individual. Svetlana A. Tatuns and Anastasia M. Ponamariova, coauthors of the next paper of this section, center on the cultural trauma and politics of memory in conditions of democratic transition in Chile and Argentina. Within the theoretical framework of constructivism, the authors analyze both the objective and subjective nature of the trauma and the essence of manipulation with historical memory. Different strategies to overcome the traumatizing past of Chile and Argentina, which had suffered the catastrophic period of the military dictatorship and are now advancing along the path of democracy are studied.

   Three authors, Vasily K. Belozerov, Anton I. Emelianov and Galina M. Sidorova, present the brief on civic-military relations in Latin America. The article evaluates the influence of the Armed Forces on the formation of civil society and the rule of law of Latin American countries. The active phase of the formation of the institutionalization of the political leadership dates from the mid-twentieth century, when the need for the exercise of the leadership of military groups by civil authorities is recognized. It is concluded that the Armed Forces continue to be an important element of the political systems of the Latin American States.

   The last section of this issue concern to the theory and practice of the left movement in Latin America. Ruslan V. Kostiuk analyzes the phenomenon of the Latin American international union of the left São Paulo Forum (FSP). The author relates the unique nature of the FSP with its ability to unite in an entity political forces of a broad ideological and political spectrum represented in the Forum: from neotrotskists and communist parties to moderate social democrats. The article examines the specificity of the Forum and its place in the struggle for the unity of the left forces of Latin America and the Caribbean. The last article represents a theoretical approach of “Socialism of the 21st century”. Its author Agustin Casanova makes a comparative analysis of the theoretical basis of this conception with the theory and practice of the countries of real socialism and concludes that the concept of “Socialism of the 21st century” cannot be a theoretical basis to overcome the capitalist character of the state system.



IBEROAMERICA, Num. 4, 2019 (october - december)

Content

RUSSIA – USA AND LATIN AMERICA

Vladimir M. Davydov, Violetta M. Tayar. Latin American responses before the confrontation drift in relations of Russia with the USA

Irina N. Myslyaeva. The formation proactive budgeting in Latin America and Russian Federation

 

BRASIL: NEW REALITIES

Liudmila S. Okuneva. Brazil on ways to strengthen the right course

Zbigniew W. Iwanowski. Political parties of Brazil facing country challenges

 

IDENTITY AND HISTORICAL MEMORY

Yakov G. Shemyakin. Identity: the civilizational basis of sustainable development

Svetlana A. Tatunts, Anastasia M. Ponamareva. The politics of memory in post-authoritarian transitions:  the case of Chile and Argentina

 

SOCIETY AND ARMY

Vasily K. Belozerov, Anton I. Emelianov, Galina M. Sidorova. Civil-military relations in Latin America

 

LEFT MOVEMENT IN LATIN AMERICA

Ruslan V. Kostiuk. Foro de São Paulo as a united left international of the 21st century

Agustin Casanova. A theoretical approach of “Socialism of the XXI century”